Wednesday, December 25, 2019
Marketing Strategy The Heart Of Marketing Mix - 990 Words
Individual Assignment (Marketing) Introduction Product strategy lead an integral role in a firm in the area of decision making. According to Kotler (1991), product strategy is the heart of marketing mix. Adopted a suitable product strategy is imperative for a firm as it cause a direct impact on the satisfaction of the customers. The backpack presented focuses on the function for sports consumersââ¬â¢ needs. This report is to figure out the best comprehensive strategy to fulfil consumersââ¬â¢ needs and simultaneously lower the expenses to maximise the profit. Therefore, several strategies which are differentiate strategy and quality strategy are discussed by analysis their advantages and disadvantages. Alternative strategies 1. Branding strategy Branding is the way that conveys the message of confidence, quality and reliability to their target market. Branding strategy is altered to differentiate the product from other competitors. The main purposes are product identification, repeat sales and new product sales. The first purpose is to develop a brand name with high brand equity that familiar and easy to indicates. Secondly, repeat sales depend on the development of customersââ¬â¢ brand loyalty to purchase the product again. The third purpose is to facilitate new product sales when introducing a new product to gain more attention and acceptance. 1.1 Advantages of branding strategy Branding may create the perception of a marketing message virtually instantaneously. A trusted brand hasShow MoreRelatedDetermining The Final Marketing Mix1299 Words à |à 6 Pages3. The final part of the assessment involves determining the final marketing mix in relation to the new marketing opportunity. As part of finalizing your marketing mix, answer the following questions: What environmental factors could have an impact on the selected marketing mix e.g. economic conditions, the political or legal environment, etc? Competition: considering the fact that there are about 4 pubs, and 3 motels in the local area, competition does affect the business on a good levelRead MoreBest Marketing Mix For New Product Or Service Opportunity Essay1134 Words à |à 5 PagesBased on all of the answer above and the work you have completed in relation to question 1 and 2, identify and describe the best marketing mix for the new product or service opportunity. Provide your reasons for this choice. Best marketing mix Description Reasons for this choice Product New product line to be included will be the organic and environmental friendly hair dying products This product will have zero negative impact to human health such as asthma or skin allergies or the natural environmentalRead MoreYwca1089 Words à |à 5 PagesYWCA Donna Echols MKT/421 Mr. Zack November 26, 2013 Marketing is all about creating a really solid decision, which will lead to more money. In this paper I will give some history of my organization, and explain how each element of marketing affects the organization. In addition I will cover the industry in which the organization resides in. History The YWCA has been around for decades, and will be around for decades more. The YWCA stands for Young Women Christian Association. The organizationRead MoreMc Donalds Maketing Strategies Essay1527 Words à |à 7 Pagesthe marketing strategies being pursued by McDonalds and identify the market dominance, which has lead to McDonalds being on of the most successful multi-nationals to date. Effective marketing has enabled McDonalds to create a worldwide demand for fast food. ÃâThe aim of marketing is to make selling superfluous. The aim is to know and to understand the customer so well that the product or service fits him/her and sells itself! Peter Drucker, Cited in Marketing Concepts Strategies p6 Read MoreBusiness Analysis : Starbucks Coffee1509 Words à |à 7 Pagesa mutual respect. The marketing mix concept often referred to as the ââ¬Å"4Psâ⬠(McCarthy, 1964), as a means of translating marketing planning into practice (Bennett, 1997) is one of the fundamental concepts of marketing theory. Marketing mix is not a scientific theory, but merely a conceptual framework that identifies thee principal decision making managers make in configuring their offerings to suit consumersââ¬â¢ needs. The tools can be used to develop both long-term strategies and short-term tacticalRead MoreTASK1 Marketing Concept and Process 1.1: Marketing and Various Elements of Marketing700 Words à |à 3 PagesTASK1 Marketing Concept and Process 1.1: Marketing and Various Elements of Marketing Process Several authors are explained about marking in a different ways. According to Kotler and Armstrong ââ¬Å"Marketing is the social process by which individuals and groups obtain what they need and want through creating and exchanging products and value with othersâ⬠and Marketing is the process of analyzing marketing opportunities, selecting target markets, developing the marketing mix and managing the marketing effortRead MoreInternational Advertising : Theory And Approach925 Words à |à 4 Pagesthe varieties in both the theoretical approach and application. is a complex concept that varies drastically in both theoretical approach and application. The emerging global consumer culture is affecting international marketing theories and in return, international promotional mix decisions. American culture is dominating the global markets due to the use and application of international advertising by American companies. In order to appreciate the differences in international advert ising from theRead MoreMarketing, Management And Finance1176 Words à |à 5 Pages In the very complicated world of business there are three main things you need to focus on, Marketing, Management and Finance. Now to get more in depth on marketing. Marketing is a group of activities designed to expedite transactions by creating, distributing, pricing, and promoting goods, services, and ideas to create exchanges that satisfy individual and organizational goals. Marketing ensures that the products consumers want to buy are available at a price they are willing to pay and that theRead MoreBusinesses Are Profit Seeking Entities Essay933 Words à |à 4 Pagesachieve these objectives, businesses have to satisfy the consumersââ¬â¢ needs. Marketing helps to realise this through marketing activities. By helping to sell, marketing activities contribute to the creation of wealth. According to the CIM (Chartered Institute of Marketing) ââ¬Å"Marketing is the management process responsible for identifying, anticipating and satisfying consumersââ¬â¢ requirements profitably.â⬠In other words, marketing helps businesses to put a product on the market at the right place, at theRead MoreSocial Marketing1446 Words à |à 6 Pagestermed social marketing. Rather than dictating the way that information is to be conveyed from the top-down, public health professionals are learning to listen to the needs and desires of the target audience themselves, and building the program from there. This focus on the consumer involves in-depth research and constant re-evaluation of every aspect of the program. In fact, research and evaluation together form the very cornerstone of the social marketing process. Social marketing was born as
Tuesday, December 17, 2019
Literary Examples Of Didactic Literature - 1194 Words
Didactic literature is not always written alike, it has been and is written to teach children morals, politeness, how to be obedient and responsible and to teach children how they should conform to religious and cultural expectations. Authors use different didactic approaches to convey their desired lesson or persuasion. Examples of didactic readings from our class lectures are The Purple Jar by Maria Edgeworth which uses didacticism to teach that things are not always what they appear and the differences between need and want. In contrast, the story of The Good Little Boy by Mark Twain, uses poking fun at the didactic message of how a good boy is to behave to teach the lesson. Lastly, in the writings of James Janeawayââ¬â¢s A Token forâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Rosamond is very disappointed and her mother reminds her that her of her input on Rosamondââ¬â¢s purchase that she did tell her to examine the beautiful purple jar before making her decision. Rosamondââ¬â¢s mother tells her ââ¬Å"But didnââ¬â¢t I tell you that you had not examined it, and that perhaps you would be disappointed?â⬠With this the author is teaching the didactic lesson that things are not always as they seem and the reader should always closely examine their decisions. Rosamond ends up with stones in her shoes causing her pain and eventually not being able to attend an event with her father due to her appearance. In this the author is showing the poor decision Rosamond made and the consequences of that decision. Rosamond confides in her mother that she made a poor decision and she would like new shoes now. Rosamondââ¬â¢s mother responds to her request with ââ¬Å"No, Rosamond, you must abide by your own choice; and now the best thing you can possibly do is bear your disappointment with good humor.â⬠The Purple Jar teaches the difference of need and want, that evaluation of the decision should be thorough as things are not always as they appear and th at there are consequences for every decision the readers make. In The Story of The Good Little Boy by Mark Twain, Twain takes a contrasting approach to didactic literature where he tells a story of Jacob Blivens who isShow MoreRelatedLiterature Review : The Great Thing About It Essay1525 Words à |à 7 Pagesworld as we know it is fascinating, multifaceted, and cultured because of the literary aura that has been present throughout time. Just like the people that fill our world, some literature has been hurtful, some is beneficial to certain groups and cultures, and some is for pure entertainment. However, the great thing about it is that literature has the ability to connect any form of art through the past and present. Literature has no age and therefore can speak to generations and help enlighten futureRead MoreWhat Are The Literary Elements Used In Alices Adventures In Wonderland1110 Words à |à 5 PagesAlice meets; for example, The Caterpillar is extremely wise and provides A lice with knowledge ââ¬â while he is not extremely kind, he helped Alice by giving her the one tool needed to get through Wonderland; information. Furthermore, Alice meets the Chesire Cat, The Queen of Hearts, and The Hatter. Alice goes on many adventures in Wonderland which will be dissected later. Throughout the story, there are many literary elements however, Alices Adventures in Wonderland is a great example of a subversiveRead MoreSongs of Innocence and Songs of Experience by William Blake Essay example1126 Words à |à 5 Pageshis time, is today thought to be an important and seminal figure in the literature of the Romantic period. Being such a figure he has no doubt helped to influence many great thinkers throughout history, one of whom I believe is Carroll. There are many instances throughout Carrollââ¬â¢s story where comparable concepts of innocence and adulthood are evident. Through its themes of romanticism, Carroll crafts a story that is anti-didactic by its very nature. Before defending such claims, itââ¬â¢s necessary to expandRead MoreEssay Modernism versus Modernismo1057 Words à |à 5 Pages and the literary world, as well as the rest of the Western world, was shaken to its foundation (Harmon 298). Faith in modern Western civilization had been shaken, and disillusionment with modern society was widespread. The authors of the time who went on to form the Modernist movement, did not feel that the literary styles in use up to that point were adequate means of expressing the chaos which they were now witnesses to. They felt that a new period of history required a new literary medium toRead MoreThe Major Works of Thomas Carlyle Essay1582 Words à |à 7 Pages The literature of Victorian England is infused with the scientific as well as the humanitarian spirit, the romantic as well as the didactic note. It was essentially an Age of Prose- the direct influence of the growth in science and the questioning spirit -with great progress in critical pr ose writing. The inconsistent features of the early Victorian Britain were clearly reflected in the pamphlets, essays, lectures, and books of Carlyle, the greatest figure in the general prose literature of hisRead MoreAnalysis Of Edgar Allen Poe s Influence On American Literature878 Words à |à 4 PagesWhen thinking of American literature, itââ¬â¢s difficult to pinpoint an author who absolutely hits the nail on the head about what exactly defines American literature and what it means. The definition is also liable to change depending on the personââ¬â¢s depiction of each story that is written. You simply cannot wrap it up into one sentence and call it a concrete definition; there is too much diversity and complexity within its significance. There are also numerous centuries with different eras that allRead MoreDark Romanticism By Edgar Allen Poe1625 Words à |à 7 PagesOne of the biggest literary of all times was known as dark romanticism. This kind of literature comes fro m the darkness inside of a person. Many people who like this style are know to be obsessed with gothic nature. Dark Romanticism is also know to come from darkness in the human soul, original sin, and a dark outlook on society. Dark Romanticism is the complete opposite of romanticism. According to what is dark romanticism ââ¬Å" Dark Romanticism is. A sort of genre threat combines traditional love objectsRead MoreAchievements and Weaknesses of the Middle Kingdom and Its Downfall1316 Words à |à 6 PagesC. to 1780 B.C.,[2] it was during the Twelfth Dynasty that Egyptians opened a wide trade amongst other countries, improved agricultural systems, fortified and expanded Egyptian borders with a strong military reputation, and explore the arts and literature to a depth which Egyptians had not previously. The Middle Kingdom has little weaknesses, but these did not prevent its gradual downfall. For Ancient Egypt, a significant advantage of the Middle Kingdom was its trade with other countries. In PalestineRead MoreConventions of Nursery Rhymes1167 Words à |à 5 Pagesmetrical rhythms, rhyme schemes and repetition of words or sounds. In the poems Young Night-Thought and Where Go the Boats?, Robert Louis Stevenson follows the conventional form of nursery rhymes by using repetition and rhyme schemes to ensure the didactic message is absorbed. Repetition and rhyme scheme go hand in hand when present in nursery rhymes. In Young Night-Thought, Stevenson uses repetition of both sounds and of words as a technique to help with the understanding of basic language. The repetitionRead MoreThe Thousand and One Nights Essay931 Words à |à 4 Pages from the proud to the humble, from the gruesome to the gleeful, the tales thread the whole scope of human experience into one long narrative. Some stories are stretched out and form a sort of mini-series. The Voyages of Sinbad the Sailor, for example, are told in seven installments. Others are short anecdotes, barely one page long. The stories in The Thousand and One Nights originated in a wide geographical area. Although most relate to medieval Arabic culture and civilization, many stories are
Monday, December 9, 2019
First Act of Death of a Salesman Essay Example For Students
First Act of Death of a Salesman Essay How and what do we learn about Willys Character and Beliefs from the First Act of Death of a Salesman?Ã In Act one of the play Miller begins with a dialogue between the main character Willy and his wife Linda. Willy is a travelling salesman and the reader learns that he is having trouble with his mind as it drifts from the past (memory) to the present (reality). Throughout the first act Miller begins to reveal Willys character and beliefs. The reader learns that Willy is an unsuccessful salesman; he believes that the key to success Is not what you know but who you know. From the opening scene Miller presents the reader with Willys first problem, we are told that while Willy was driving and admiring the scenery his car veered off the side of the road. Linda thinks the problem is with the car, however, Willy disagrees he says I absolutely forgot I was driving .I have such thoughts, I have such strange thoughts. This shows that Willy himself was abnormal. During Willys first flash back when Biff and Happy were children, we learn about Willys character with his eldest son, Biff. We find out that Biff is Willys favourite son as he is a star athlete, popular with the girls and well liked. Being well liked is an important part of Willys character. He believes that being liked, leads to success. Although Willy encourages success, he fails to provide his boys with morality. This can be seen when Biff steals a football from the school and Willy says Sure, hes gotta practise with a regulation ball, doesnt he? Coachll probably congratulate you on your initiative! Willy encourages his boys to steal building supplies from a building site so that he could build a new stoop and doesnt seem to care if they get caught. He even brags about what they steal, You shoulda seen the lumber they brought home last week. At least a dozen six-by-tens worth all kinds a money. He is proud of their theft. This encourages their deviant behaviour. It becomes apparent within Act 1, that Willys character is both immoral and dishonest. Dishonesty is common throughout the Death of a Salesman. Willy lies to Biff, Happy and Linda. The dishonesty begins at the start of the play when Willy tells Linda the reason he came home was because he couldnt drive any more. However, we later find out that the truth is because he almost ran over a child in Yonkers and it scared him. Willy also lies to his boys about having coffee with the Mayor of Providence and he claims, I can park my car in any street in New England and the cops protect it like their own. But we later find out that Willys lies cover up his lack of confidence. He later admits to Linda that people in New England appear to laugh at him. Finally, Willy lies about the amount he is selling. One minute he states his is making $1,200 and then the next he admits the truth, that he only made $120. The reason why Willy is dishonest to his boys and Linda is because he wants to impress them and not appear as a failure to them. Lying is his method of hiding what he sees as his inadequacies.Ã Willys immorality is evident in the disclosure by Miller of his mistress
Monday, December 2, 2019
Why Limits Are Imposed on Criminal Laws free essay sample
The founding of criminal law on the principle of rule of law means that the power of government is limited. Unlike royalty in the Middle Ages, which had limitless absolute power, governments are limited in the behavior that can be declared criminal and in the punishments that can be applied for violations of criminal laws. Seven benchmarks are used to assess the legality of criminal laws: * Principle of legality * Ex post facto laws * Due process * Right to privacy Void for over breadth * Cruel and unusual punishment Principle of legality refers to a principle that a person may not be prosecuted under a criminal law that has not been previously published. Before a man can be punished as a criminal under the law, his case must be plainly and unmistakablyââ¬â¢ within the provisions of some statute. Ex post facto is a Latin term meaning from a thing done afterward. Ex post facto often refers to a law that applies retroactively, thereby criminalizing conduct that was legal when origi nally performed. We will write a custom essay sample on Why Limits Are Imposed on Criminal Laws or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The U. S. Constitution prohibits ex post facto laws. However, the Supreme Court has held that that the prohibition of retroactive laws applies only to criminal, not civil, laws. A sentencing law violates the ex post facto prohibition if it operates both retrospectively and to the potential disadvantage of the defendant. This is not limited to substantive changes in the content and criteria of legal rules. Restrictions on the extent of favorable discretion that a court can exercise are within the ex post facto prohibition, too. The ex post facto clause generally prohibits states from enacting any law that ââ¬Å"changes The punishment, and inflicts a greater punishment than the law annexed to the crime, when it was committed. â⬠For example, sex offender registration laws have been held not to violate the ex post facto clause on the basis that they are not intended as punishment, but as a deterrent against future offenses. A due process model is type of justice system which is based on the principle that a citizen has some absolute rights and cannot be deprived of life, liberty, or property without appropriate legal procedures and safeguards. Due process involves both procedural and substantive aspects. Procedural due process requires fairness in the methods used to deprive a person of life, liberty or property, while substantive due process requires valid governmental justification for taking a persons life liberty or property. Due process requirements apply to both criminal and civil law. Due process generally requires fairness in government proceedings. A person is entitled to notice and opportunity to be heard at a hearing when they have life, liberty. r property at stake. Laws should be applied to persons equally, without discrimination on prohibited grounds, such as gender, nationality, handicap, or age. In criminal cases, fair procedures help to ensure that an accused person will not be subjected to cruel and unusual punishment, which occurs when an innocent person is wrongly convicted. Due process requirements apply to such government proceedings as trials, parole hearings, and administrative hearings involving be nefits, among others. Void for Overbreadth are laws that go too far, that is, in an attempt to prevent a specific conduct, the law not only makes that conduct illegal but it also prohibits other behaviors that are legally protected. Void- for- overbradth laws frequently are connected with free speech and expressive conduct. Cases challenged for overbreadth that have made their way to the U. S. Supreme Court involve laws prohibiting activities such as public protest, nude dancing, panhandling, erotic art, and flag burning. Cruel and unusual punishment is prohibited by the U. S. Constitution as well as some state constitutions. The U. S. Constitutions Eighth Amendment states: Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted. ââ¬Å" The defendant has the burden of proving that his punishment is greater than that imposed for more serious offenses in the state and that similar offenses in other states do not carry punishments as severe. Critics of the death penalty argue that it constitutes cruel and unusual punishment. The issue of cruel and unusual punishment often arises in claims of prisoner mistreatment by officials.
Tuesday, November 26, 2019
Pathophysiology of HELLP Syndrome
Pathophysiology of HELLP Syndrome Free Online Research Papers A maternity unit is generally filled with happy moments; however, when an obstetrical emergency walks through the door, those times can be hectic and chaotic. All persons involved need to be part of a delicate team who work together in order for the woman and her child to receive the best care and to ensure the most optimum outcome as possible. The preceding case study will show how to effectively manage HELLP syndrome, the acronym for hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelet count. N.N. is a 26-year old, gravida 2, para 1 at 37 weeks gestation per last menstrual period and early ultrasound. She presented to the labor and delivery unit with a direct statement of ââ¬Å"I had HELLP syndrome with my last pregnancy and I think I have it again.â⬠Her vital signs were: temperature 99.4 F, pulse was 126, respirations 26 and blood pressure was 156/93. Her weight is 185 pounds with a prepregnancy weight noted to be 167 pounds. This patient was placed on external fetal monitoring. The fetal heart rate was noted to be 145 beats per minute with moderate variability and shown to have a reactive strip. There were appropriate accelerations noted and no decelerations. Uterine contractions were shown to be irregular, 3-9 minutes apart lasting 40-60 seconds in duration. The uterine contractions palpated mild. Reflexes were tested and were abnormal at 3+ with clonus, and +2 pitting edema was noted in lower extremities. A cervical exam revealed a soft, thick closed cervix. An IV was started and lactated ringers was hung and infusing at 150 ml per hour. Labs were drawn for CBC, ABO RH and type and screen, comprehensive profile, PT, PTT, and a urinalysis. An ultrasound was ordered to rule out a hematoma on her liver and to check for a placental previa or abruption as well as to check for fetal well being. Her abdomen was soft, but tender to touch with pain in her upper right quadrant. She denied leaking of amniotic fluid and tested negative for nitrazine and ferning. She complained of a headache that she states she has had for two days. Her liver enzymes were elevated with an AST of 906 and ALT of 1042 and hemolysis of LDH at 1123. Her platelets were at 43,000. The urinalysis showed a trace amount of protein as well as ketones and bilirubin. The rest of the urinalysis was within normal limits. The ultrasound was negative for a liver hematoma. It also showed an active, apparent well fetus. She presented with 3+ pitting edema in her lower extremities. The PT, PTT and fibrinogen were within normal limits. The physician on call was immediately called and was on his way in. Because this patient had had HELLP syndrome in the past, it was likely she had it again. There is up to a 25% chance that a woman who has HELLP in previous pregnancies, she will have it again in subsequent pregnancies (Hagl-Fenton, 2008, p. 23.) Women who have had pregnancies complicated with preeclampsia have a 2-12 percent chance of developing HELLP in their pregnancy (Lealbe, Niebyt, Simpson, 2002, p. 956.) Many women who come into a labor and delivery unit are misdiagnosed because the symptoms mimic preeclampsia. The platelet count is one of the key indicators that it is more than preeclampsia, (Oââ¬â¢Hara Padden, 1999, p. 829) as well as an increased bilirubin (Lealbe et al., p. 956.) There is not a definitive pathogenesis of HELLP syndrome. The discoveries of this multisystem disease are characterized by ââ¬Å"abnormal vascular tone, vasospasm and coagulation defectsâ⬠(Oââ¬â¢Hara Padden, 1999, p. 830.) HELLP appears to be the last indicator of some attack that leads to microvascular endothelial impairment and ââ¬Å"intravascular platelet activationâ⬠(Oââ¬â¢Hara Padden, p. 830.) With the activation of the platelets, serotonin and thromboxane A are released, thus resulting in platelet agglutination and aggregation and then continued damage of the epithelium (Oââ¬â¢Hara Padden, p. 830.) This can only be corrected by the delivery of the baby, if the gestation is greater than 32 weeks (Oââ¬â¢Hara Padden, p. 32.) If the woman presents to a labor and delivery unit and is less than 32 weeks in gestation, medicinal therapeutics are first tried to help keep the patient pregnant as long as safe for her and her baby. Betamethasone 12mg IM is given twice in 24 hours to help mature the lungs of the premature infant. Giving Decadron, 10 mg IV every twelve hours, has been shown to improve many of the laboratory irregularities identified with HELLP syndrome (Oââ¬â¢Hara Padden, 1999, p. 33.) Magnesium Sulfate, 4-6 gram bolus, intravenously, should be administered over a 20-30 minute time frame. A 2 gram maintenance dose of magnesium should be continued after the bolus is given. This can help lower the elevated blood pressure of the patient. A magnesium flow sheet should always be used to monitor for signs of magnesium toxicity. Reflexes should be tested each hour to assess for slow, sluggish or hyper reflexes. Visual disturbances, headaches and urinary output should also be assessed each hour. Platelet activation is believed to participate to the pathogenesis of preeclampsia and HELLP syndrome, which results in hemodynamic changes, vasoconstriction and endothelial injury (Sheu, Shen, Lin, Tzeng, 2002, p. 132.) Formation of Thromboxane A in platelets generally rises during pregnancy (Sheu et al., p. 133) and it has also shown that it is exacerbated when combined with a decrease in prostacyclin (Sheu et al., p. 133.) The hemolysis in HELLP syndrome is microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (Oââ¬â¢Hara Padden, 1999, p. 830.) The red blood cells become odd shaped, known as traumatic hemolytic anemia. These red blood cells are seen in the peripheral blood when they are exposed to a large amount of turbulence and may been seen as schistocytes or echinocytes (burr cells) (Lowdermilk, Perry, Bobek, 1997, p. 792.) The persistent vasoconstriction that occurs causes fibrin deposits in the hepatic sinusoids (Leaton Martin, 2001, p. 32.) This block hepatic blood flow and changes liver function (Leaton Martin, p. 32.) The liver swells causing the pain in upper right quadrant as well as epigastric pain. ALT and AST are chief enzymes that initiate intracellular protein metabolism and are generally found in small quantities in the extracellular serum. An elevated AST may occur when there is liver ischemia. An increase in the ALT, found primarily in liver cells, is when the liver fails to function normally in its role of hemoglobin degradation. An increase in the bilirubin may also take place because of the effects on the liver (Lowdermilk et al., 1997, p. 792.) Vasoconstriction of the blood cells can cause limitations on the blood flow, thus hindering the blood from getting to the vital organs of both the mother and the fetus in the complication of decreased organ perfusion. If the placenta is not receiving sufficient blood, the baby can have complications that can be assessed by the fetal monitor. These complications can be seen as variables or decelerations. If the baby has run out of fetal reserves, the baby may not survive due to the lack of placental perfusion. Vasoconstriction has also been associated with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) (Robillard, Chaline, Chaouat, Hulsey, 2003, p. 131.) The obstetrician on-call that night was in the hospital within 12 minutes of the call he received. He assessed the patient and looked at the labs that were taken. He rechecked her cervix which showed no change in dilatation. Because of her gestation age of 37 weeks, the decision for an immediate cesarean was brought forth. He was concerned for the possibility of a long labor. The fact that she did not have a favorable cervix and using pitocin to augment her labor, could have had a poor outcome for both the mother and her baby. The time between decision for the cesarean section to incision was 17 minutes. N.N. had a 7lb. 13oz. baby boy. His apgars were eight at one minute and nine at five minutes. APGAR is an acronym for the scale or scoring used to determine how well the baby did after delivery. APGAR stands for activity (muscle tone), pulse, grimace (reflex ability), appearance (color of the newborn), and respirations. Each score rates either 0, 1, or 2. Two is the best a baby can achieve with each section of the scoring tool. This baby had one point taken off for color and tone at one minute and one point taken off for color at five minutes. There was no need for further intensive care for this baby. During the post partum period, the patient recovered without any further problems. The AST and ALT were back within normal limits by the second post partum day. Another ultrasound was done on her liver the second post partum day which showed no evidence of enlargement, bleeding or rupture. There was no evidence of post partum hemorrhage. Urinary output was greater than 30ml per hour after her cesarean section. By the third post partum day, the edema in the lower extremities was down to 1+ edema with no evidence of pitting. Her post op pain was controlled by as needed opioid medications as well as NSAIDââ¬â¢s. The first nursing diagnosis that could have been used for this patient was risk for injury: maternal, related to vasospasm, high blood pressure. A second nursing diagnosis could have been anxiety related to fear of disease process and possible outcomes. A third nursing diagnosis could have been altered protection related to decreased platelet count as evidenced by platelet count of 43,000. A fourth nursing diagnosis could have been pain related to post operative procedure. The interventions used for this patient were used to help ensure the positive outcome for herself and her newborn. She was assessed and properly diagnosed within a very short period of time. The interventions that were done were to promote the patients comfort from the pain she was experiencing from both her abdomen and her head. She was placed on her side in order to not obstruct the blood flow from the vena cava; this can happen if the patient is lying flat on her back. She was assured as well as comforted to help to reduce the anxiety that she was feeling from the fear of what was happening to her. From the time she arrived on to the unit, until the time of her cesarean section, the time lapsed was only approximately 45 minutes. Had she not stated that she had, had HELLP syndrome with her first pregnancy, she may have been diagnosed with preeclampsia or another pregnancy related issue. The fact that she told the nursing staff when she arrived helped us by knowing what to order, what to look for when the results came back and how to properly treat her. The physician on call was not her regular physician and had never seen this patient before. As he was assessing this patient, he was also looking through her prenatal to view her history. With the patientââ¬â¢s symptoms, the fact she has had HELLP syndrome in the past and the labs and the radiology reports that came back, this patient had the best possible procedure that gave her the best outcome for her and her baby. Had this patient been under 36 weeks, she would have been transported to a level three hospital. Our hospital is a level one, community hospital and do not generally deliver babies under 36 weeks unless there is a risk to the mother or fetus. If this is the case, the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) team from the level three hospital is called and informed. HELLP syndrome is a very traumatic and scary disease process for the patient. Without thorough evaluation and assessment of the patient and her fetus, both she and her baby could have been subjected to a very different outcome. Through team work by the medical staff, the nursing staff as well as the rest of the ancillary members that were involved with this patients care, the patient went home, with a healthy newborn, both with no residual damage. References Hagl-Fenton, D. J. (2008, March 2008). Beyond Preeclampsia. RN, 71(3), 22-25. Lealbe, S. G., Niebyt, J. R., Simpson, J. L. (2002). Obstetrics-Normal and Problem Pregnancies (4th ed.). Philadelphia, Pa.: Churchill Livingstone. Leaton, M. B., Martin, P. S. (2001). Dealing with coagulopathies of PIH. Nursing2001, 31(3), 32-35. Retrieved from ProQuest September 16, 2008 Lowdermilk, D. L., Perry, S. C., Bobek, I. M. (1997). Maternity Womenââ¬â¢s Health Care (6th Ed.). New York, NY: Mosby. Oââ¬â¢Hara Padden, M. (1999, September 1, 1999). HELLP syndrome: Recognition and perinatal management. American Family Physician, 60(3), 829-836. Retrieved from ProQuest September 16, 2008 Robillard, P. Y., Chaline, J., Chaouat, G., Hulsey, T. C. (2003). Preeclampsia/eclampsia and the evolution of the human brain. Current Anthropology, 44(1), 130-134. Retrieved from ProQuest September 30, 2008 Sheu, J. R., Shen, G., Lin, M. Y., Tzeng, W. Y. (2002). The hyperaggregability of platelets from normal pregnancy is mediated through thromboxane A2 and cyclic AMP pathways. Clinical Laboratory Haematology, 24(2), 121-129. Retrieved from ProQuest September 30, 2008 Research Papers on Pathophysiology of HELLP SyndromePersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyArguments for Physician-Assisted Suicide (PAS)The Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseLifes What IfsThe Hockey GameGenetic EngineeringWhere Wild and West MeetResearch Process Part One19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraTwilight of the UAW
Saturday, November 23, 2019
Most Common Book or Essay Organization Patterns
Most Common Book or Essay Organization Patterns To improve your ability to understand a difficult book or passage, you might start by finding the organization pattern. This may sound more difficult than it is. There are a few ways that writers can choose to organize their work, and the organization depends very much on the topic. If you were writing a description of your bedroom, for example, you would most likely use a spatial organization pattern. In other words, you would most likely start by describing one space and move on to another space, and keep going until youve covered the entire room. Spatial organization would be a suitable type of pattern for real estate professionals to use when describing a property.à Then again, if you were required to describe the events that led up to a certain event in history, your most likely organization pattern would be chronological. Chronological refers to the order that things happen in time. You might describe the legislation that set the stage for a particular event, followed by the public response to that legislation, and followed again by social conditions that changed because of the previous events. So, one of the first things you should do when trying to understand a difficult text is to figure out the particular organization pattern. This helps you frame the entire work in your brain or on paper, as when youre writingà an outline. Chronological Organization A chronological organization is used by writers when they want to describe what happened or happens in a particular order. Your entire history book is most likely written in a chronological patter. Some of the types of work that might follow this patter include the following. You can see that this type of organization is best when describing things that happen over time. History chaptersBiographiesSummer vacation essaysLegal case studies Logical Organization A logical organization might be used in many ways. Logical organization refers to works that express a point or position using evidence. Argument essaysComparison essays Functional Organization A functional organization system is used to explain how or why things work. The following types of writing might use this organization pattern most effectively. How-to essaysStep-by-step essaysInstruction manualsà Recipes Spatial Organization Spatial organization is used in essays that describe or give direction concerning a physical location. DirectionsDescriptionsLayoutsAnatomy essayDescriptions in fiction The purpose of developing and understanding organization patters is to help our brains set the stage and know what to expect. These patterns help us to build a framework in our minds and place information in the correct places on that framework. Once you determine the overall organization of any text, youll be better equipped to process information as you read. When writing your essays and chapters, you should keep your intended organizational pattern in mind as you work, to provide your readers with a clear message that is easily processed.
Thursday, November 21, 2019
Teacher Contract Negotiations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words
Teacher Contract Negotiations - Essay Example There are conditions that each individual should meet in order to receive unemployment compensation benefit. Each state has different conditions for an individual to qualify for unemployment compensation. The two most important determinants for eligibility to unemployment compensation benefit are contract and reasonable assurance. Discussion Unemployment compensation is also commonly known as unemployment insurance (UI). It is a program by the government which provides financial support to unemployed workers who are qualified. The federal government sponsors and administers the benefit program through the taxes collected from employers. However, in every state there are different conditions and rules to qualify to unemployment compensation benefits. In the case of Harker v. ... actâ⬠which is defined as any written, oral, implied, expressed or even a notice of appointment that indicates individualââ¬â¢s services are being accepted. ââ¬Å"Reasonable assuranceâ⬠means a written, oral or implied agreement that individual will perform services in an institution of education or government agency in an instructional, research, principal administrative, or any other capacity during the ensuing academic year or term (Harker v. Shamoto, No.25615, 2004). http://www.state.hi.us/jud/22784sdo.htm (see 1) Since the records of the employer showed that Harker was on the preferred list of three schools in his district and even accepted and worked 90 assignments at 8 different schools beginning on July 9, 2000, he was disqualified to apply for unemployment compensation (Harker v. Shamoto, No.25615, 2004).http://www.google.com.ua/#sclient=psy-ab&hl=ru&source=hp&q=worked+90+assignments+at+8+different+schools+beginning+on+July+9%2C+2000%2C&pbx=1&oq=worked+90+assig nments+at+8+different+schools+beginning+on+July+9%2C+2000%2C&aq=f&aqi=&aql=1&gs_sm=s&gs_upl=20042l21665l5l22413l1l1l0l0l0l0l291l291l2-1l1l0&fp=f0afe8921f3de3cb&biw=1133&bih=770 In the case of Ideal Academy Public Charter School v. Bernola, No. 07-AA-1224 (2009), the case stated District of Columbiaââ¬â¢s conditions of ââ¬Å"unemployedâ⬠individual that may receive unemployment compensation and defined the meaning of being ââ¬Å"unemployed.â⬠According D.C.Code à §?51-109 (2001), an individual is unemployed ââ¬Å"with respect to any week during which he performs no service and with respect to which no earnings are payable to him [.]â⬠and to meet this definition, ââ¬Å"an individual must not have performed any services or received any earnings during the period benefits are claimed.â⬠Even if Bernola received the
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